Abstract
The article is devoted to the Novoromanovskaya pisanitsa composition with a unique image of a pike. The panel with this image is located on a separate boulder at the water’s edge. It is constantly exposed to natural destructive processes. Now it is possible to attribute four images: two moose, a heart-shaped face and a pike. According to their location on the panel, it can be assumed that the composition originally had a circular character. The pike pattern is positioned vertically in relation to the moose fi gures. The article deals with the specifi cs of the artistic transmission of this image and its intended semantic meanings. The ancient artist emphasized the features of the upper and lower jaws and the striped color of the body, inherent in this river predator. The reconstruction of the semantics of the pike image and the whole plot was carried out using the data of the subarctic worldview complex. It’s mainly the Ugro-Samoyed mythology. The pike is often associated with the Lower World. She acts as the mistress of reservoirs, as the Spirit of water, as a totemic ancestor-progenitor or psychopomp. The plot of the Novoromanovо composition is particularly close to the Selkup narratives. It tells about the rebirth of an old elk/ moose into a mythical pike that lives in taiga reservoirs for hundreds of years. The chronological range of the Novoromanovo composition with elk and pike is determined by the authors of the article within the Bronze Age. The assumption about the plot-semantic proximity of the Novoromanovo pike to the images associated with the Krokhalevsky antiquities is argued. Moreover, in the materials of the location of the Dolgaya I Site located above the Novoromanovskaya Pisanitsa, the Krokhalevsky complex is presented. The article presents stylistic comparisons of some details of the Novoromanovo petroglyphs with images of the Seimin-Turbin era.
Keywords
Novoromanovskaya pisanitsa, a pike, a moose, mythology, Bronze age, Krokhalevskaya culture, Dolgaya I.
Beryozkin, Yu.Ye., Duvakin, Ye.N. 2018: Tematicheskaya klassifi katsiya i raspredeleniye folklorno-mifologicheskikh motivov po arealam. Analiticheskiy katalog [Thematic classification and distribution of folklore and mythological motifs by areas. Analytical catalog], http://www.ruthenia.ru/folklore/berezkin.
Golovnev, A.V. 1995: Govoryashchiye kul’tury: traditsii samodiytsev i ugrov [Speaking cultures: traditions of Samoyeds and Ugrians]. Yekaterinburg.
Kharyuchi, G.P. 2008: Zashchishchayushchie prirodu tabu [Nature-protecting taboos]. In: M.D. Lyublinskaya (ed.), Materialy 2-y mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii po samodistike (posvyashchaetsya 100-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya Natal’i Mitrofanovny Tereshchenko), 16–18 oktyabrya 2008 g. [Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Samoyed Studies (dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Natalia Mitrofanovna Tereshchenko), October 16–18, 2008]. Saint Petersburg, 278–291.
Kovtun, I.V. 2012: Kon’ i lyynik [Horse and skier]. Trudy Museya arkheologii i etnografi i Sibiri TGU [Proceedings of Tomsk State University Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of Siberia] IV. Tomsk.
Kovtun, I.V. 2016: Sopkinsko-karakol’skie kinzhaly i seyminsko-turbinskaya epokha [Sopkinsk- Karakol daggers and the Seimin-Turbin epoch]. In: O.S. Sovetova (ed.), Arkheologiya Yuzhnoy Sibiri [Archaeology of Southern Siberia] 27. Kemerovo, 62–76.
Kovtun, I.V. 2019: Lunarnye mify Severo-Zapadnoy Asii (III–II tys. do n.e.) [Lunar myths of North-West Asia (III–II thousand BC)]. Kemerovo.
Kovtun, I.V., Rusakova, I.D., Muhareva, A.N. 2011: Predvaritel’nye rezul’taty raschistki ot lishainikov petroglifov Novoromanyvskoy pisanitsy [Preliminary results of clearing the petroglyphs of Novoromanovskaya pisanitsa from lichens]. In: Naskal’noye iskusstvo v sovremennom obshchestve (k 290-letiyu nauchnogo otkrytiya Tomskoy pisanitsy) [Rock art in Modern Society (on the 290th anniversary of the discovery of the Tomsk Pisanitsa)] 1. Kemerovo, 140–148.
Kruchinina, A.V. 2004: Semanticeskoye prostranstvo obsko-ugorskoy i samodiyskoy etnonimii [Semantic space of the Ob-Ugric and Samoyedic Ethnonymy]: аvtoreferat dis. … kand. filolog. nauk. Tyumen’.
Kulemzin, V.M. 1979: Sverkhestestvennye sushchestva v sisteme religioznykh predstavleniy vasyugansko-vahovskikh khantov [Supernatural beings in the system of religious representations of the Vasyugan-Vakhov Khanty]. In: R.S. Vasilevskiy (ed.), Drevnie kul’tury Sibiri i Tikhookeanskogo basseyna [Ancient cultures of Siberia and the Pacifi c Basin]. Novosibirsk, 211–221.
Pankratova, L.V. 2011: Zapechatlennye v bronze obrazy Sarovskogo kul’tovogo kompleksa: rekonstruktsiya semantiki [Images of the Sarov cult complex depicted in bronze: reconstruction of semantics]. Arkheologiya, etnografi ya i antropologiya Evrazii [Archaeology, Ethnography and Anthropology of Eurasia] 1 (45), 82–91.
Pelikh, G.I. 1980: Materialy po sel’kupskomu shamanstvu [Materials on Selkup shamanism]. In: G.I. Pelih, E.M. Toshchakova (eds.), Etnografi ya Severnoy Azii [Ethnography of North Asia]. Novosibirsk, 5–70.
Spodina, V.I. 2001: Predstavleniya o prostranstve v traditsionnom mirovozzrenii lesnykh nentsev Nizhnevartovskogo rayona [Ideas about space in the Traditional Worldview of the Forest Nenets of the Nizhnevartovsk region]. Novosibirsk.
Stepanova, O.B. 2008: Traditsionnoe mirovozzrenie sel’kupov: predstavleniya o krugovorote zhizni i dushe [The traditional worldview of the Selkups: ideas about the cycle of life and the soul]. Saint Petersburg.
Vasilevich, G.M. (ed.) 1936: Sbornik materialov po evenkiyskomu (tungusskomu) fol’kloru [Collection of materials on Evenk (Tungus) folklore]. Leningrad.
Zaika, A.L., Basova, N.V., Postnov, A.V. 2019: Antropomorfnaya mnogofi gurnaya kompozitsiya iz pogrebeniya na poselenii Turist-2 v Novosibirske [Anthropomorphic multi-fi gure composition from the burial at the Tourist-2 settlement in Novosibirsk]. In.: M.A. Devlet (ed.), Izobrazitel’nye i tekhnologicheskie traditsii rannikh form iskusstva [Visual and technological traditions of early art forms] 2. Moscow–Kemerovo, 123–130.
Zotkina, L.V., Basova, N.V., Postnov, A.V., Kolobova, K.A. 2020: Figurka losya s pamyatnika Turist-2 (g. Novosibirsk): osobennosti tekhnologii i stilistiki. [Moose figurine from the Tourist-2 monument (Novosibirsk): features of technology and style]. Arkheologiya, etnografiya i antropologiya Evrazii [Archaeology, Ehnography and Anthropology of Eurasia] 4 (48), 75–83.