Abstract
The article addresses one of the important aspects of the problem of studying the infl uence of military-political factors on Greco-Barbarian trade: their infl uence on the characteristics and intensity of trade routes. A comparative analysis was carried out on the materials of the regions belonging respectively to the near and far barbarian periphery of the Classical World – the Kuban region and the interfl uve of the Volga and the Ural. The mechanisms for the infl uence of military-political factors on trade routes leading to the tribes of the Kuban region and the interfl uve of the Volga and the Ural and passing through their territories in the Sarmatian period are examined trough case histories. With differences in the set of specifi c politico-military factors in the Kuban region and the interfl uve of the Volga and the Ural, there is a great deal of similarity in the general mechanisms of infl uence of different types of factors on the characteristics and intensity of trade routes, to and through these regions. The main types of these factors include military operations, piracy, general changes in the military-political situation and migrations. The similarity in the mechanisms is due to the commonality of the main routes for the movement of сommodities to the near and far barbaric periphery for the fi rst phase (trade between ancient states) and the common elements in the structure of trade routes, including emporia as main trading hubs. Major differences, however, in the impact of military-political factors on the trade routes in the near and far peripheries were the creation of a more secure trading environment in the Emporia territory of the near periphery and the need to control caravan routes and escort caravans in the territory of far periphery.
Keywords
Trade routes, military-political factors, Greco-Barbarian trade, Kuban region, interfl uve of the Volga and the Ural, Sarmatians, Maeotians, Bosporan kingdom.
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