Abstract
The paper presents the results of an archeozoological study of osteological material from the excavations at the Golden Horde settlement of Podymalovo–1 (Ufa district of the Republic of Bashkortostan) in 2019. In total, 1020 animal bones from the cultural layer and fi llings of complexes were examined. The analysis of bone material was carried out according to the methodology developed in the Laboratory of Natural Science Methods of IA RAS. Taxonomic, anatomical and age analyses of the osteological collection were carried out. According to the degree of preservation, the fragmentation index in the samples from the cultural layer and complexes do not differ and are kitchen remnants. The osteological collection included bones of mammals, birds, fi sh, as well as mollusk shells. All mammalian bones belong to domestic animals: cattle, horses, sheep or goats. The research results confi rm that the population of this settlement was engaged in animal husbandry. The anatomical composition of domestic ungulates is represented by all parts of the skeleton. This suggests that the butchering of the carcasses of these animals was carried out directly in the settlement. The meat diet was based on the meat of large ungulates, less often – small cattle. Fishing and hunting were of secondary importance in the nutrition of the population. The presence of bones with traces of processing in the complexes confi rms the existence of artisan bone-cutting production in the settlement.
Keywords
Osteological material, archaeozoology, Golden Horde, Podymalovo–1 settlement, Bashkir Urals.
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