Abstract
Uncommon ritual complexes, connected with sacrificing people and animals, wine or blood libations to the deities of the earth and the dungeon were discovered in the central part of the ancient settlement of Artezian in the Crimean Azov region. There were a number of trenches elongated from west to east with ash filling of the defensive moat of the late Citadel excavated in 1999 and 2019. They are dated to, respectively, the 3rd and from the 1st to 2nd centuries AD. In a later trench there was a dumping of mass cremation of people and animals. The remains of a large number of bones of cattle and small stock with ceramic artifacts were discovered in a medium density gray ash fi lling in the second trench of 2019, that was located in close proximity to the fi rst one but was in another chronological layer
A piglet and an adult pig skull burial along with a dog skull were uncovered in the western part of the trench. Bones of cattle were found in the eastern part. The orientation of these ritual objects in the second trench leads to the conclusion that they appeared during the summer solstice. Among the population of the Artezian settlement, the cult of the pig and wild boar was associated with oak trees and vine veneration, which corresponds with the antique religious tradition and parallels with ancient myths and legends in a certain way.
Keywords
Cimmerian Bosporus, Artezian settlement, sacrifices, libations, altars, zoomorphic plant cults, necropolis, mythological traditions, Dionysus, Demeter, mysteries.
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