Abstract
A big public building with a semi-cellar (depth 1,20 m) was excavated on the acropolis of Phanagoria in 2002–2005. Its internal space is divided into three rooms: the northern and central rooms are of the same square (26,5), and the southern room is one and a half times more (42,6 m2). It is impossible to defi ne a functional purpose of the building. Most likely, it served for civil purposes though it is impossible to exclude probability of its religious and cult appointment completely. The serious problem is to determine the dates of its construction and the end. Answers to these questions are possible only the alternative. The analysis of the amphorae and tile stamps from a layer of fi lling of a semi-cellar, and also research of planning and a stratigraphy of the dug-out site of an acropolis lead us to the following conclusions. Construction of the public building should be referred or to the middle of the 4th c., or the beginning of the 3rd centuries BC, and its destruction – to the end of the 3rd c. or the end of the 2nd centuries BC. The author suggests the earlier date of construction and later date of the cessation of life of the building is more preferable. The fi nal date corresponds to re-planning of the Phanagorians acropolis and to construction here a palace of Mithradates VI Eupator.
Keywords
Phanagoria, acropolis, city planning, public building, semi-cellar, Hellenism, chronology, periodization.
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