Abstract
The article deals with amphorae of various production centers of the late 7th – mid 6th century BC discovered during the archaeological research of the Berezan Settlement and its necropolis. The study is based on the collection of the State Hermitage Museum, which includes fi nds from the excavations of the North-Western sectors of the Berezan Settlement and its necropolis, conducted by the Museum mission in the 1960s to 1991, as well as investigations of the Hermitage excavation team of the last fi fteen years, which were conducted in the framework of scientifi c cooperation with the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine in the Northeastern part of the island (the «O-Western» sector). The chosen chronological period in the context of the historical development of the Berezan settlement coincides with the fi rst construction period, which covers the time before the emergence of the archaic urbanized colony in the 540s BC.
The deposits containing amphorae fi nds of the fi rst half of the 6th century BC are represented by the burials of the necropolis as well as the fi lling of dugout dwellings, storage pits and wells. Among them the so-called «boundary» deposits of the second quarter – mid 6th century BC, stratigraphically preceding the beginning of mass construction of stone and mudbrick houses.
The article focuses on the amphorae of Clazomenae, Teos, Lesbos, Samos, Miletos, Chios, as well as «protoThasian» amphorae and vessels of the uncertain centers. Several deposits are of special interest: the fi lling of well excavated in 1963–1964, pit No. 234 (2016), dugout No. 73 (2016). These structures provide vivid examples of combinations of transport amphorae of several manufacturing centers, allowing to specify their chronology. Fragmented amphorae from the less important deposits together with separate fi nds gives the opportunity to clarify the typology. Most of the amphorae were published earlier, but the study is supplemented by some unpublished vessels.
Keywords
Berezan, amphorae, ceramic complexes, Archaic period, chronology
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