Abstract
The article is a publication of archaeological finds from the Bactrian Site of Kampyrtepa related to the metal industry: the slag, the twyer, and metal finds dating from the 2nd century BC to the 2nd century AD. All artifacts were found in the area of the fortifi ed southeastern entrance complex near the Oks River and the harbor. XRF analysis of metal fi nds and the ferrous slag shows that the local population of Kampyrtepa produced tools from the bloomery iron. The jewelries were fabricated in ancient traditions of North Bactria. The analysis of bulk components and their ratio in by-product revealed the strong ferrous slag, which was produced during the process of direct metal reduction in the bloomery furnace. Further processing of slag was not exposed. Also a twyer is fi rstly published in the article, being the earliest sample of a tool of such kind from Central Asia. The fi nd of the nozzle bellows undoubtedly indicates that a blacksmith workshop functioned in the settlement. These fi nds let us to conclude that full circle of metallurgical process from smelting to fi nal handling was practiced on this site during the 1st century BC – the 1st century AD.
Keywords
Bactria, Kampyrtepa, antiquity, metal production, nonferrous metals, iron, slag, twyer, XRF
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