download PDF

Abstract

The article presents two dishes of the group recently identifi ed as the Late Roman Pontic Burnished Ware (LRPB). The vessels have been found in Chersonesos in the cistern fi lled up most likely at the very beginning of the second quarter of the 6th century. All characteristics of the presented vessels completely coincide with those of the main body of the group for the exception of fabric color. They are grey-colored whilst all the rest are beige of different tints. Their high-quality even fi ring excludes mistakes in the course of manufacturing. This allows suggesting the origin of LRPBW from grey-clayed ceramics with burnished surface widely spread on the Northern Black Sea Region where it was produced through the whole antique period and frequently imitated the shapes of imported vessels. Appearance of the light-clay burnished ware is likely to have been a common trend in the late antique period. For example, «yellow vessels» emerged in the late group of burnished ware on the Western Black Sea coast. Deposit that contained the dishes presented is the earliest one among those with LRPBW that permits to regard them as the initial phase of the group and thus to reconsider thesis about its purely «red-slipped» origin supported by many researchers.

Keywords

Northern Black Sea Region, Early Byzantine Period, Late Roman Pontic Burnished Ware (LRPB)

Larisa A. Golofast

Institute of Archaeology of RAS, Moscow, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Stanislav G. Ryzhov

National Preserve “Tauric Chersonesos”, Sevastopol, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Aybabin, A.I. 1993: Pogrebeniya kochevnicheskoy znati v Krymu kontsa IV–VI vv. [Burials of the Nomadic Nobility of the Late 4th – 6th Centuries in the Crimea]. Materialy po arkheologii, istorii i etnografi i Tavrii [Materials on Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria] III. Simferopol–Kerch, 206–211.

Antonova, I.A., Danilenko, V.N., Ivashuta, L.P., Kadeev, V.I., Romanchuk, A.I. 1971: Srednevekovye amfory Khersonesa [Medieval Amphorae of Chersonesos]. Antichnaya drevnost’ i srednie veka [Antiquity and Middle Ages] 7, 81–101.

Belyaev, S.A. 1968: Krasnolakovaya keramika Khersonesa IV–VI vv. n.e. [Red-Slipped Ware of the 4th – 6th Centuries AD from Chersonesos]. In: V.F. Gajdukevich (ed.), Antichnaya istoriya i kul’tura Sredizemnomor’ya i Prichernomor’ya [Ancient History and Culture of the Mediterranean and Northern Black Sea Coast]. Leningrad, 31–38.

Böttger, B. 1982: Die Gefasskeramik aus dem Kastell Iatrus. In: Iatrus-Krivina. Bd. II. Spatantike Befestigung und fruhmittelalterliche Siedlung an der unteren Donau. Ergebnisse und Ausgrabungen 1966–1973. Berlin.

Domżalski, 2000: Notes on Late Roman Red Slip Wares in the Bosporan Kingdom. Rei Cretariae Romanae Fautorum Acta 36, 161–168.

Domzhal’ski, K., Zhuravlev, D.V. 2013: Fragmenty pontiyskoy pozdnerimskoy loshchenoy keramiki s hristianskoy simvolikoy iz Khersonesa [Fragments of the Pontic Late Roman Burnished Ware with Christian Symbolism from Chersonesos]. Rossiyskaya arkheologiya [Russian Archaeology] 2, 137–143.

Ermolin, O. 2006: Arkheologichni doslidzhennya antichnogo nekropolya Dzhurg-Oba (Kerch) v 2005 rotsi [Archaeological Investigations of Dzhurg-Oba Ancient Necropolis (Kerch) in 2005]. Drogobits’kyj kraeznavchiy zbirnik [Drogobych Regional Studies] 10, 11–44.

Fedoseev, N.F., Domzalski, К., Opaiţ, A., Kulikov, A.V. 2010: Post-Justinian Pottery Deposit from Pantikapaion-Bosporos: Rescue Excavations at 12, Teatral’naja St. in Kerch, 2006. Archeologia 61, 63–94.

Golofast, L.A. 2001: Steklo rannevizantiyskogo Khersonesa [Glass of the Early Byzantine Chersonesos]. Materialy po arkheologii, istorii i etnografi i Tavrii [Materials on Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria] VIII. Simferopol–Kerch, 96–260.

Golofast, L.A. 2007: Zapadnyy rayon Khersonesa v rannevizantiyskoe vremya [Western District of Chersonesos in the Early Byzantine Period]. Materialy po arkheologii, istorii i etnografi i Tavrii [Materials on Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria] XIII. Simferopol– Kerch, 68–128.

Golofast, L.A., Ryzhov, S.G. 2011: Severnyy rayon Khersonesa v rannevizantiyskoe vremya (kvartaly VIII i IX) [Northern District of Chersonesos in the Early Byzantine Period (quarters VIII and IX)]. Materialy po arkheologii, istorii i etnografi i Tavrii [Materials on Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria] XVII. Simferopol–Kerch, 363–411.

Golofast, L.A., Ryzhov, S.G. 2013: Severnyy rayon Khersonesa v rannevizantiyskoe vremya (kvartaly Х, Х-А i Х-B) [Northern District of Chersonesos in the Early Byzantine Period (quarters X, X-A and X-B)]. Materialy po arkheologii, istorii i etnografi i Tavrii [Materials on Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria] XVIII. Simferopol–Kerch, 49–161.

Hayes, J.W. 1972: Late Roman Pottery. London.

Kastanyan, E.G., Arsenyeva, T.M. 1984: Keramika [Ceramics]. In: G.A. Koshelenko, I.T. Kruglikova, V.S. Dolgorukov (eds.), Antichnye gosudarstva Severnogo Prichernomor’ya [Ancient States of the Northern Black Sea Region]. M., 229–233.

Kuzmanov, G. 1985: Rannovizantiyskaya keramika ot Trakiya i Dakiya (IV – nachalato na VII v.) [Early Byzantine Pottery from Tracia and Dacia]. Razkopki i prouchvania XIII [Excavations and Investigations XIII]. Sofi a.

Kutaysov, V.A. 1982: Chetyrekhapsidnyy Khram Khersonesa [The Four-Apses Church of Chersonesos]. Sovetskaya arkheologiya [Soviet Archaeology] 1, 155–167.

Kutaysov, V.A., Trufanov, A.A. 2014: Basseyn pod chetyrekhapsidnym khramom v Khersonese (raskopki 1977–1979 gg.) [Pool under the Four-Apses Church in Chersonesos (1977–1979 excavations)]. Istoriyai i arkheologiya Kryma [History and Archaeology of the Crimea] 1. Simferopol, 234–280.

Nikolaeva, E.Ya. Otchet o rabotakh Il’ichevskoy ekspeditsii v 1984 g. [Report on the Excavations of Il’ich Expedition in 1984]. Archives of the Institute of Archaeology RAS. R-1. No. 11181.

Opaiţ, А. 1985: Einige Betrachtungen zur Spätrömischen Keramik mit rotem Überzug. Dacia XXIX (1-2), 153–163.

Opaiţ, A. 1996: Aspecte ale Vieţii Economice din Provincia Scythia (secolete IV–VI p.Ch.). Producţia ceramicii locale şi de import. Bucureşti.

Opaiţ, A. 2004: Local and Imported Ceramics in the Roman Provinces of Scythia (4th – 6th centuries AD) (BAR IS 1274). Oxford.

Pieri, D. 2005: Le commerce du vin oriental à l’ é poque Byzantine (Ve – VIIe siècles). Le témoignage des amphores en Gaule. Beyrouth.

Riley, J.A. The Coarse Pottery from Berenice. In: J.A. Lloyd (ed.), Excavations at Sidi Khrebish- Benghazi (Berenice). (Lybia Antiqua Supplement V.2). Tripoli, 91–467.

Romanchuk, A.I. 1975: Sloi VII–VIII vv. n.e. v Portovom rayone Khersonesa [7th - 8th centuries Layers in the Port District of Chersonesos]. Antichnaya drevnost’ i srednie veka [Antiquities and Middle Ages] 11, 3–13.

Romanchuk, A.I. 1976: Khersones VI – pervoy poloviny IX vv.n.e. [Chersonesos of the 6th – First Half of the 9th Centuries AD]. Sverdlovsk.

Romanchuk, A.I., Sazanov, A.V. 1991: Krasnolakovaya keramika rannevizantiyskogo Khersona. Srednevekovyy Kherson: Istoriya, stratigrafi ya, nakhodki [Red-slipped Ware of the Early Byzantine Cherson. Medieval Cherson: History, Stratigraphy, Finds]. Pt. 1. Sverdlovsk.

Romanchuk, A.I., Sazanov, A.V., Sedikova, L. V. 1995: Amfory iz kompleksov vizantiyskogo Khersona [Amphorae from the Byzantine Deposits of Cherson]. Yekaterinburg.

Sazanov, A.V. 1992: Importnaya krasnolakovaya keramika pervoy poloviny VII v. n.e. iz Khersonesa [Imported Red-Slipped Ware of the First Half of the 7th Century from Chersonesos]. Kratkie soobshhenie Instituta arkheologii RAN [Brief Communications of the Institute of Archaeology] 208, 40–46.

Sazanov, A.V. 1993: Pozdnie tipy uzkogorlykh svetloglinyanykh amfor [Late Types of the Narrow-necked Light-colored Amphorae]. Materialy po arkheologii, istorii i etnografi i Tavrii [Materials on Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria] III. Simferopol– Kerch, 16–21.

Sazanov, A.V. 1994–1995: Krasnolakovaya keramika Severnogo Prichernomor’ya ranne vizantiyskogo vremeni [Early Byzantine Red-Slipped Ware of the Northern Black Sea Coast]. Materialy po arkheologii, istorii i etnografi i Tavrii [Materials on Archaeology, History and Ethnography of Tauria] IV. Simferopol–Kerch, 406–433.

Sazanov, A.V. 2000: Keramicheskie kompleksy Bospora 570–580 gg. [Bosporan Pottery Deposits of 570–580 AD]. Drevnosti Bospora [Antiquities of the Bosporus] 3, 221–259.

Sazanov, A. 2000: Les ensembles clos de Chersonèse de la fi n du VI e – troisième quart du VII e siècles: la chronologie de la céramique. In: M. Kazanski, V. Suopault (eds.), Les sites archéologiques en Crimée et au Caucase durant l’Antiquité tardive et le haut Moyen Age. Leiden–Boston–Köln, 123–149.

Sazanov, A.V., Mokrousov, S.V. 1996: Poselenie Zolotoe Vostochnoe v bukhte (Vostochnyy Krym): opyt issledovaniya stratigrafi i rannevizantiyskogo vremeni [Zolotoe Vostochnoe Settlement in the Bay]: Investigation Experience of the Early Byzantine Stratigraphy. Problemy istorii, fi lologii, kul’tury [Journal of Historical, Philological and Cultural Studies] 3, 88–107.

Swan, V. 2009: Dichin (Bulgaria): the Destruction Deposits and the Dating of Black Sea Amphorae in the 5th and 6th centuries. In: D. Kassab Tezgör, N. Inaishvili (eds.), Production and Trade of Amphorae in the Black Sea. I. (Varia Anatolica XXI). Paris, 107–119.

Vagalinski, L. 2002: Burnished Pottery from the First Century to the Beginning of the Seventh Century A.D. from the Region South of the Lower Danube (Bulgaria). Sofi a.

Voronov, Yu.N. 1983: Krasnolakovaya keramika Apsilii (V–VI vv.) [Red-Slipped Ware from Apsiliya (5th – 6th centuries AD)]. Izvestiya Abkhazskogo instituta yazyka, literatury i istorii im. D.I. Gulia GSSR [Proceedings of D.I. Gulia Abkhaz Institute of Language, Literature and History] 12. Tbilisi, 88–96.

Zeest, I.B. 1960: Keramicheskaya tara Bospora [Bosporan Ceramic Tare] (Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR [Materials and Investigations on the Archaeology of the USSR] 83. Moscow–Leningrad.