The article deals with the history of Ipatjevskaya Chronicle's text of 12th c. as a source for South6Russian annals' reconstruction. The article offers a new interpretation of a chronolo6 gical grid of Ipatjevskaya Chronicle as the original markers specifying the work done by the compiler of Kiev code in 1198. In author's opinion the central points within the chronological grid which mark the transitions from March style to ultra-March and vice versa, fix places of «joints» in the text which served the compiler of 1198 as some initial material while forming the annalistic narration. The article suggests a probable place and time of drawing up the so6called «Ruric Rostislavich's code».

SUBJECT-MATTER OF FIRST ADVERTISEMENTS IN THE ST.-PETERSBURG NEWS

A.M. Chebotarev

The article deals with the subject6matter of advertisements in «The St.6Petersburg news». The newspaper began to issue on a regular basis in 1728. The basic subject courses of advertisements are trade questions and service offers. In the initial stage of the metropolitan newspaper the number of advertisements was limited. The author considers the subject variety, the character of the first newspaper advertisements from 1728 till 1731.

SOME ASPECTS WITHIN MEMOIR'S HERITAGE OF RUSSIAN-TURKISH WAR IN 1877–1878

S.A.Kochukov

The article examines some aspects of memoirs heritage about the Caucasian «theatre» ofthe Russian6Turkish War in 1877–1878. The author analyzes G.K.Gradovsky, F.E.Shtokvich, N.P.Betling, M.M.Pozemkovsky's memoirs which are represented in the research literatureonly as isolated mentions. The facts from these memoirs show some miscalculations and mistakes of the Russian command, heroism of the Russian soldier, some notions about the war from the point of view of its ordinary participants: officers in low army ranks, ordinary soldiers, doctors, sisters of mercy.

ORGANIZATIONAL — STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF DETECTIVE POLICE IN RUSSIAN EMPIRE (1908-1917)

Т.L.Мatienkо

The article deals with the internal structure, the organization, a legal regulation and basic directions of activity in detective police in the beginning of 20th c. The author examines in detail actions done by Police Department in order to increase efficiency of criminal investigation, its functioning in imperial Russia; those actions were caused by growth of criminal criminality

«ENGLISH WOULD COME FROM CHINA...»: SOVIET SOCIETY AND MILITARY ANXIETIES OF 1920-s

A.V. Golubev

The article examines the moods prevailed in the Soviet society during 19206s in connection with some possible external threats, features of the foreign policy situation of that time and its official propaganda. The work submits the memoirs of contemporaries, both official and informal interrogations among different stratums of the Soviet population, includingpeasantry.

THE PRIVATE SPHERE IN ESTONIA DURING STALINISM

O. Mertelsmann

Статья известного эстонского историка О.Мертелсманна посвящена анализу проявлений частного сектора в экономике Эстонии в период сталинизма т.е. с 1940 по 1953 гг. Источниковую базу составили материалы Архива Эстонской КП в Таллине, Эстонского национального музея, коллекции личных интервью. Текст предваряет историческая справка, из которой явствует, что в межвоенный период ситуация в Эстонии принципиально отличалась от советской модели, а исторически Эстония развивалась в русле центральноевропейского культурного пространства. Характерными чертами развития до советизации были аграрность, социальная замкнутость, сила традиций, малый слой образованной интеллектуальной элиты. В начале ХХ века начались модернизационные процессы, происходило становление национального самосознания народа. После насильственного включения Эстонии в состав СССР в августе 1940 г., на её территории начались серьёзные изменения: национализация, коллективизация, чистка государственных органов и культурных организаций от буржуазного влияния, депортации политически неблагонадёжных элементов. Эти преобразования были временно приостановлены в период немецкой оккупации 194161944 гг. В эстонской историографии межвоенный период принято называть– «эстонское время», период немецкой оккупации – «нацистское время», период нахождения в составе СССР – «советское время». Сначала значительная часть населения Эстонии негативно восприняла советизацию, но в 506е гг. большинство людей изменило своё отношение к режиму от молчаливого несогласия к прагматичному сотрудничеству. В целом изменения носили не такой глубокий характер, как в других регионах СССР, Эстония стала особой моделью советской республики – «окном на Запад». Автор считает, что частный сектор и в послевоенное время продолжал играть важную роль в экономике Эстонии (в нём производилось четвёртая часть Национального дохода). Это – личные огороды, торговля на рынке, частое строительство и сфера услуг. Хотя государство стремилось контролировать личную жизнь граждан, частная жизнь не прекращалась. Изоляция хуторов давала возможность слушать зарубежные радиостанции и получать альтернативную официальной информацию. В частных библиотеках сохранялись запрещённые властью книги довоенных лет издания. Большинство населения, даже не будучи активными прихожанами, продолжали следовать христианским ритуалам применительно к важным событиям жизни. Другими проявлениями частной общественной жизни были танцевальные вечера и традиционные субботние сельские праздники. В заключение автор приходит к выводу о том, что сохранение частной жизни в Эстонии в период сталинизма облегчили её вхождение в «западное сообщество» в 1990-е гг.

THEME OF «END» OF CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY IN MODERN WEST-EUROPEAN LITERATURE

M.I. Nikola

The article is based on the works of some outstanding modern writers — P. Kin'jar, K. Ransmajr, J.M. Kutzee and shows the sequel of tradition going back to some antique material, having the aim to realize and portray the images of this modern transitive epoch. The texts are mainly estimated as some productive experience of the postmodernist aesthetics. At the same time novelistic works by G.M. Kutzee give grounds to speak about new tendencies in modern literature.

«VILLAIN WHOM YOU LOVE AND YOU ADMIRE WITH»: LOVELACE AS TYPICAL CHARACTER IN RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH CULTURE

M.V. Kozhevnikov

The article is devoted to the origin and evolution of the famous typical character —Lovelace and his features in Russian and English culture.

«MEMOIRS OF WELL-EDUCATED MAIDEN»: SIMONE DE BEAUVOIR — FIRST LOVE EXPIRIENCE

A.A.Rozhkova

The article «Memoirs of a well6educated maiden»: Simone de Beauvoir — the first love experience" represents an attempt to consider the periods of the writer's childhood, adolescence and youth as the basic stages within the formation of her personal insight, her private world and her notions about the ideal beloved and love, upon the material of «Memoirs of a well6educated maiden». The article is aimed at revealing the major factors for each of these periods tracking down the way they have influenced value ideas and the author's personality.

«NARRENLITERATURE» AND «NARRENFEST»: FEATURES OF INTERPRETATION, TRADITIONS, MOTIVES AND IMAGES

S. V. Gooseva

This article views the problems of carnival traditions, their interpretations in «narrenliteratur» and influence of the carnival «narrenfest» upon the system of images and its development in «narrenliteratur». The matter of principal concern is the triad of carnival heroes: the fool — the buffoon — the knave. The author gives the detailed characteristic to the buffoon and to its transformations into the fool and the cheat. The motive of human stupidity in carnival «narrenfest» is analyzed as the way to achieve a situational comic element in «narrenliteratur».

DOSTOEVSKY AND SWITZERLAND

K.A. Stepanyan

Moscow, Saint6Petersburg, Russia, America, China, Japan 6 with Dostoevsky all these are not just geographical concepts, but senses. Switzerland not only does no exception, but shows one of the deepest, basic concepts on a metaphysical map of Dostoevsky's world. Only three themes connected to this concept are marked out and presented in the article. The theme "knight the poor" which as the last researches testify, was a member of Knights Templars, so here comes a connection with one of the basic myths of the Middle Ages 6 about king Arthur'sknights and the Sacred Grail. The theme "the Geneva ideas" 6 "virtues without the Christ",according to Dostoevsky and Russo's theory is about a "virtuous natural person". And the theme Protestantism and Khlysts as doctrines, are partly or even completely denying the divine nature of Christ. To Dostoevsky Switzerland is the place, exciting the soul and mind with ideas of an earthly paradise and possibilities of its achievement, and simultaneously it is a symbol of a centuries6old error among people who independently decided, that they are so kind and free to construct this paradise (for themselves or for many others) on their own.

F.M. DOSTOEVSKY'S RUSSIAN NATIONAL PERSONALITY IN LITERATURE 20THC.

O.Yu. Yurjeva

Etnotipological discoveryes of Dostoevsky in the form of Russian nationality conscious ness Dostoevsky discoveryes in the Russian nationality consciousness is very important. There are all Russian nationality types in the his works. This types we are find in the works of A.Blok, A.Bely, I.Bunin, I.Shmelev, A.Remizov, F.Sologub, A.Platonov, M.Bulgakov.

WHIM AS MEANS OF EXPOSING CHARACTER WITHIN A STORY «VILLAGE STEPANNIKOVO AND ITS INHABITANTS» BY F.M. DOSTOEVSKY

N.A.Makarycheva

The article specifies the concept «whim» in context of F.M. Dostoevsky's work. The attention is concentrated on male whims. The author analyzes both psychological components and the reasons for this phenomenon on the example of one of the most «whimsical» men —Foma Fomich Opiskin. When adverting to whims of this hero there emerge parallels with other heroes of novels by Dostoevsky. Thus, there is a prospect for some further research.

SLAVOPHILS IN P.I. BARTENEV'S «MEMOIRS»

M.V. Chernomyrdin

The author addresses to "Memoirs" by P.I. Bartenev, a publisher and a permanent editor6composer of the first Russian historico6archeological magazine "The Russian archive", published by A.D. Zajtsev. "Memoirs" are considered to be a kind of the unclaimed source within domestic historiography on the history of the Slavophil society, characteristics of its main representatives and ideologists.

«AND YEARS DRAW TO SOME SEVERE PROSE». PUSHKIN'S PROSAIC PERIPHRASTICS IN ITS FIGURATIVE — TEXTUAL INTERPRETATION

A.T. Lipatov

The present work studies A.S.Pushkin's prose which marked the maturity of his creativity, a new level of his aesthetics, his vision of European and Russian reality of that time. The author nalyzes Pushkin's way to create images — symbols with the help of associative conversion from a concrete detail to image — generalization where periphrasis carries out its organizing role at most.

THE NATURE OF DECADENT FIGURATIVENESS IN THE POETIC HERITAGE OF A.C. SWINBURNE

К.N. Savelyev

The article is devoted to the research done to beginnings of decadent figurativeness in works of the English poet A.C. Swinburne. The author's high emphasis is placed on the poet's most scandalous poems «Laus Veneris», «Dolores», «Faustina», «Anaktoria», included into the first volume of his poetic collection «Poems and ballads» (1866). The scrupulous analysis have been done to such Swinburne's decadent paradigms as sexual frankness, eroticism, the world of demonic female power, the image of «la femme fatales», death and the Satan.

JANE AUSTIN: VALUE OF CREATIVITY

A.A. Paliy

The article is summing up the results of the analysis of Jane Austen’s novels represented in the publications of the author for recent years. In conclusion the role of Jane Austen in creation of realistic psychological novels, her innovations in style (the wide6spread use of represented inner speech, implication, intertextuality) including the specific expressive means which she used for creating the images of her heroes and for depicting her comic and satiric personages is singled out. All these peculiarities of Jane Austen’s poetics allow to give the highest estimation to the aesthetic value of her novels.

«KAZHIMOTKA», «ZHOIMERITSA» AND HEMPEN TOW (MYTHOLOGICAL IMAGE OF PATRONESS)

N.К. Kozlova

The article states an assumption on the existence at Slavs some ancient ideas about the mythical patroness. Eastern6Slavonic folklore6ethnographic materials contain some traces of these ideas in a rudimentary form. In this connection the author views the semantics of the hemp as a female plant, which belonged to the mythical patroness in former times and thus compared with the world of ancestors. The work shows a connection of the hemp with a number of female mythological images. The images of Kazhimotka, (which data is fixed in Cossack settlements of Magnitogorsk area), and Romanian Zhoimeritsa stand out against a background of the rest female images. Coincidence of functions within these characters allowsto assume, that they can go back to an archaic image of the ancestor — patroness.

ABOUT FOLKLORE AND FOLKLORISTIC RECONSTRUCTION

N.V.Leonova

The problem of reconstruction is considered in the present article as a phenomenon of a modern folklore life and as a methodical and analytical base of a folkloristic activity. The display of two kinds of the reconstruction is connected with the restoration and the reorganization of some elements within a traditional folklore culture. Besides, it promotes the maintenance of its structural and adaptive properties. Positions formulated by the author are illustrated with the materials received during musical6ethnographic expeditions to villages of Novosibirsk area. Receptions of the folkloristic reconstruction are examined in connection with the basic kinds of activity for the specialist in folklore as a collector, a publisher and a researcher of works within a national traditional creativity.

IDEA OF POETIC CREATIVITY IN V.Y. BRYUSOV'S LYRICS (1904–1912)

O.V. Bogdanovich

During 1904–1912 Bryusov published his poetic collections "STEPHANOS", "All tunes","Mirror of shadows". In "STEPHANOS" the motive of debt of the poet becomes the basic embodiment of Bryusov's poetic ideas. In "All tunes" one of the basic motives in the texts within the theme of the poetic creativity becomes the motive of the poet's sacrifice, the motive of his suffering for taking the possession of the poetic gift. The collection "Mirror of shadows" opens the pre6revolutionary stage in Brjusov's creativity. For the first time the solution of the poetic creativity as a subject came with the use of the lexeme "craft", besides, the antiqueimage of a "Muse" has been introduced into the poetic structure of the texts.

«FOR ONCE THE VOICE TO YOU, THE POET, IS GIVEN, THE REST — IS TAKEN»

M.M. Polekhina

«…ennoble your voice, make similar
To trumpet, and point my people
At their lawlessness…»

(Isaiah, 58:1)

The image of the poet in M. Tsvetaeva's works is made to be the concept within the framework of the article. The author states its high applicability and special sacrificial mission which is in the consecutive statement of the eternal cultural values in the world of passing pleasures and vain intentions.

«ALIEN WORD» IN LEONOV'S PROSE OF 1920-S

Т.М. Vakhitova

The article His early stories created in the spirit of the symbolist literature are covered with some Russian and Oriental exotic. Leonov's prose of this period is not limited to any aesthetic frameworks, it is open both in all spatial spheres and time coordinates. The coexistence of different spacial6temporial areas testified to a certain antinomy in Leonov's perception ofreality.broaches the specificity of L.Leonov's creativity and his art principles during the 1920-s.

VARIETY IN LYRICAL «I AM» OF EARLY MAYAKOVSKY: «MASK» OF THE LYRICAL HERO AS A FORM OF PROTEST

M.A.Chernjakova

The author analyzes features of mask figurativeness in early lyrics by V. Mayakovskovsky. The device of a duality within the image of the lyrical hero is considered as a form of the protest against present6day reality and as a way to claim his own social6ethnic ideals as a poet.

LATE SHORT-STORY WORKS BY VASILY GROSSMAN: TYPOLOGICAL FEATURES

N.L.Karpicheva

The article studies works of the writer in 1953–1963 in correlation with tendencies of development in Russian short story during the corresponding period. As a result, the author ranks as specific qualities of late short story works by V. Grossman — ideological emancipation, unity philosophy and psychology, planetary author's thinking, humanistic problems, semantic density of narration, asceticism of a stylistic figure, the orientation to traditions of the Renaissance short story mediated through «Belinsky» cycle by A.S. Pushkin and mature short story works by A. Chekhov.

CATEGORY OF RUSSIAN NATIONAL CHARACTER IN VYACHESLAV PYETCYH WORK

A.A.Kenko

Russian national character is the focus of attention for a modern prose writer V. Pyetsuh; he investigates it in aspect of the tenseness in Russian history in XX c. V. Pyetsuh's heroes reflecting on the meaning of life always appear to be in a tragicomic situation. The author reminds of the sources — Russian culture, moral experience of nation, stamped in Russianclassical literature.

ALBERT MIFTAHUTDINOV'S ART WORLD

А.А.Burykin

The article is devoted to A.V. Miftahutdinov's (1937–1991) creativity. He is the representative of the Russian6speaking literature of Extreme Northeast of Russia, Chukotka and the Magadan area. A.V. Miftahutdinov has come in the literature as the master of small forms — the short story, sketches about travel. The writer's heritage has made up to be the outstanding phenomenon in the literature of the Northeast USSR.

PUSHKIN, THE BIBLE AND OSTAP BENDER IN THE TEXT OF A MODERN RUSSIAN DETECTIVE STORY

E.V. Ganapolskaja

The article is devoted to a genre of a modern Russian detective. The author analyzes 28 detective novels issued in 199661998, written by A.Marinina, F.Neznansky, A.Kivinov, M.Bakonina, V.Vedeneyev, A.Malysheva. The author considers winged words and citations from this selection of fiction in greater detail.

WINGED UNITS OF ENGLISH ORIGIN IN MODERN RUSSIAN (CINEMA AND TV)

K.V. Kamenev

The theme of article is winged words derived from American and English films and serials, which are widely used in modern Russian language especially as headlines, but which are not registered in dictionaries. The term «winged words» is a loan translation from Buchmann's «Gefltigelte Worte». According to Buchmann winged words are words, phrases and utterances which come directly or indirectly from a literary or historical source and which are commonly used in speech and writing as lexical units. In the article, the author describes in detail these winged words, gives their meanings and examples of usage, and points out their sources.

STEREOTYPES IN WOMEN'S BEHAVIOUR IN CEREMONY OF BIRTH WITHIN WORKING VILLAGES OF BELORETTSK AREA IN BASHKORTOSTAN (on materials of expeditions in the end of 20th century)

S.A. Moiseeva

The work makes an attempt to classify some folklore6ethnographic material collected during the last decade of 20th c. on a birth ceremonial in Russian villages in Beloretsk area of Bashkortostan according to female behavioural models. The author marks the safety of some archaic rudiments underlying behavioural norms of the birth ceremony participants. These rudiments are buried in the «passive memory» among the carriers of the tradition which is under research on the boundary of 21th c.

SHAMANS IN SYSTEM OF TRADITIONAL CEREMONIES OF KHAKASES

V.А. Burnakov

The article presents the analysis of Khakass shamanism as a phenomenon of the ethnic culture and views the role of shamans in ritual system of ethnos. The work describes the process of getting the shaman gift which occurs through "shaman illnesses". The author considers the question on "tesis" which are assistant spirits of a shaman, gives classification of shaman, singles out such category as cheek6ham that is the eating shamans, shows the modern state of shamanism.

RELIGIOUS IDENTITY AT THE NAGAIBAKS: HISTORY, FORMATION AND MODERN STATE

I.R. Atnagulov

The article continues the report on the research done on the ethnic identity at the nagaibaks (See Issue. XVI/2). At present the author considers the religious factor in self6identification of people. The long period of atheistic policy of the state had an evident impact on a religious state of nagaibaks, who professed orthodox Christianity. Their Christianity in its turn was the main ethnic feature which made them stand out against their

Tatarian6Muslim environment into one independent ethnos. Now, despite a significant loss of positions of orthodox culture nagaibaks still keep their own ethnic consciousness and itsbasis is probably far beyond their religious culture.

TRADITIONAL DWELLINGS AT THE BURYATS: PROBLEM OF GENESIS

А.А. Badmaev

The article sets the problem of origin for traditional types of dwellings at the Buryats (timber and felt jurts). The author comes to a conclusion about the early stage of appearance of 5–7 corner timbered jurts and dates it back to 11th — the beginning of 13th c. The 6–8 corner timbered jurts of 14th–15th cc. turned out to be a later invention in author's opinion.

FUNERAL-OBSIQUIAL RITE AT AGINSKY BURYATS

D. Ts. Tsydenova

The article is about the funeral-obsequial rite at the aginsky Buryats. It is one of the ethnic Buryat groups from Transbaikalia, the territory of the Aginsky6Buryat autonomous region. The funeral6obsiquial ceremonial of the aginsky Buryats is syncretic, owing to centuries6oldharmonious coexistence both the shamanism and the Buddhism in their religious environment.

NATIONAL CALENDAR AS SYSTEM OF ADAPTATION AT RUSSIAN IMMIGRANTS OF SOUTHERN URAL (19th–20th CC.)

O.Ju.Maltseva

The article proves: the national calendar has shown, that, on the one hand, cultural and life features of the population at Southern Ural have been forming under some influence of immigrants that is, their own social6class and ethnic heterogeneity; on the other hand, cultural traditions of various groups within indigenous population and some non Slavonic people at Volga and Pre6Ural areas have a considerable effect on the calendar system, either.

IDEA OF «CIVIL SOCIETY» IN ANTIQUE EPOCH: HISTORICO-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS

L.L. Savinkov

The author undertakes an attempt to analyze the idea of a civil society in the context of its rise and development during Antiquity. Interest to this epoch is not casual. It is well6known, that the European tradition in the concept of the civil society has antique roots and is connected to the period when Athenian democracy was at the peak of its powers. Thus, the attention is given to ideas about the civil society in works by Plato, Aristoteles, Cicero and Marcus Aurelius.

DUE AND REAL IN PROCEDURAL EXISTENCE OF CULTURE

S.N.Amelchenko

Due, penetrating the whole structure of human vital functions is in fact an intentional6procedural6effective regulation of the actual reality and its speculative value6guided modification which is set and transferred from a potential opportunity into the actual reality by efforts of people. Being a part of the reality, the mankind on behalf of its each representative endowed with one's consciousness and will, represents a unique intellectual active real which, possessing ability to be guided by an objective6significant sense of due and embody it in practice, makes in the aggregate with due a unity of system factors within procedural existence of culture.

PERSON WITHIN OUTLOOK OF BYZANTIAN AND RUSSIAN ISIKHASTS

I.E. Foydorova

Isikhast tradition (Greek — rest, silence) is a certain school of the spiritual practice that has been developing since 4th c. up to nowadays. The ancient tradition developed in the Byzantian and Russian practice is capable to be alive and effective, opening to modern thinking a new understanding of a human personality.

HISTORY OF KOREAN CERAMICS OF THE LEE PERIOD

G. Gompertz

The article is devoted to the ceramics history of the Lee period. Studying the ceramics of this period is complicated with a number of circumstances. The available samples of the ceramic and porcelain products of Lee period, with few exceptions, were kept till now not in the burial places, but passing from generation to generations, without any records or instructions on their interpretation or origin. The first attempt to do the periodization of the ceramics history had been undertaken in 1922 by Asakawa. It was a rough time periodization, it was reconsidered by Okudaira and submitted in the present article.

DECORATIVE IDEOGRAPHS MUNCHADO IN TRADITIONAL KOREAN CULTURE

L.I. Kireeva

This paper contains some observations on Korean Folk Paintings minhwa. It is focused on the problem of munchado or Chinese Character Paintings.

DEFINITION OF CONCEPT «GRAPHIC ART» (INTRODUCTION TO THE BOOK «PARADOXES OF GRAPHICS)»

Yu.Ya. Gerchuk

The article considers the specificity of graphics as a special kind of art. The author cites the concept of the term the «graphics», offered by Paul Florenski. Agreeing with the philosophical contents of this term by Florenski, the author marks, that the question about the volume of «graphics» concept and some basic borders of this art has remained open. This questioncannot be resolved unequivocally, both for all times, styles and stages of development in graphics and for all its versions as they have been at quite radiance in art language and creative tasks.

WORLD OF SUBJECTS IN SOVIET PAINTING IN 1930-S

T.E.Khuzina

The article examines a place and a role of a subject in the Soviet painting in 1930-s. During the post6revolutionary years there were significant changes as to the attitude to the subject, besides there came a formation of new subject semantics. The author presents some concrete subject motives most popular in painting of that period and describes a basic change in the interpretation of the subject.

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Archive

Contents of №18, 2007

HISTORY

RUSSIAN HISTORY

PHILOLOGY

HISTORY OF LITERATURE

LINGUISTICS

CULTURE

ETHNOLOGY

PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE

HISTORY OF ART

NOTES ON SOURCES ON HISTORY OF SOUTH-RUSSIAN ANNALS OF 12th c. (IPATJEVSKAYA CHRONICLE)